翻訳と辞書 Words near each other ・ Head Waters, Virginia ・ Head West ・ Head Wound City ・ Head Wound City (EP) ・ Head Wrightson ・ Head writer ・ Head ööd ・ Head's Harbour, Newfoundland and Labrador ・ Head, Clara and Maria ・ Head, Shoulders, Knees and Toes ・ Head-and-taillight tetra ・ Head-coupled perspective ・ Head-directionality parameter ・ Head-driven phrase structure grammar ・ Head-end power ・ Head-marking language ・ Head-mounted display ・ Head-of-line blocking ・ Head-On (film) ・ Head-on collision ・ Head-on engagement ・ Head-related transfer function ・ Head-Royce School ・ Head-Smashed-In Buffalo Jump ・ Head-twitch response ・ Head-up display ・ Head/tail Breaks ・ Headache ・ Headache (disambiguation) ・ Headache (EP) Dictionary Lists mini英和辞書 mini和英辞書 Webster 1913 Latin-English FOLDOC Wikipedia English ウィキペディア

翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Head-marking language ： ウィキペディア英語版 Head-marking language A language is head-marking if the grammatical marks showing agreement between different words of a phrase tend to be placed on the heads (or nuclei) of phrases, rather than on the modifiers or dependents. Many languages employ both head-marking and dependent-marking, and some languages double up and are thus double-marking. The concept of head/dependent-marking was proposed by Johanna Nichols in 1986 and has come to be widely used as a basic category in linguistic typology.〔See Nichols (1986).〕 ==Head-marking (and dependent-marking) in English== The concepts of head-marking and dependent-marking are commonly applied to languages that have richer inflectional morphology than English. There are, however, a few types of agreement in English that can be used to illustrate these notions. The following graphic representations of a clause, a noun phrase, and a prepositional phrase involve agreement. The three tree structures shown are those of a dependency grammar (as opposed to those of a phrase structure grammar):〔Dependency grammar trees similar to the ones shown here can be found in, for instance, Ágel et al. (2003/6).〕 ::Head-marking 1 Heads and dependents are identified by the actual hierarchy of words, whereas the concepts of head-marking and dependent-marking are indicated with the arrows. Subject-verb agreement shown in the tree on the left is a case of head-marking because the singular subject ''John'' requires the inflectional suffix ''-s'' to appear on the finite verb ''cheats'', which is the head of the clause; the determiner-noun agreement shown in the tree in the middle is a case of dependent-marking because the plural noun ''houses'' requires the dependent determiner to appear in its plural form ''these'', not in its singular form ''this''; and the preposition-pronoun agreement of case government shown in the tree on the right is also an instance of dependent-marking because the head preposition ''with'' requires the dependent pronoun to appear in its object form ''him'', not in its subject form ''he''. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Head-marking language」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.